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Return preparation
Seven forms, both regimes, and a JSON the portal accepts
The same computation engine that files a salaried return files a firm’s. What changes on the CA side is who is sitting at the keyboard: the questions are asked of a preparer who already knows the answers, not of a taxpayer being taught the law.
The forms
These are prepared end to end.
| Form | Who it is for |
|---|---|
| ITR-1 (Sahaj) | Salary, one house property and other sources, total income up to ₹50 lakh. |
| ITR-2 | Capital gains, more than one house property, foreign assets, income above ₹50 lakh. |
| ITR-3 | Business or profession on regular books, with every other head alongside it. |
| ITR-4 (Sugam) | Presumptive business and profession under sections 44AD, 44ADA and 44AE. |
| ITR-5 | Firms, LLPs, AOPs, BOIs and the other non-individual assessees the module supports. |
| ITR-6 | Companies other than those claiming exemption under section 11, entered as head totals with MAT and the section 115JAA credit. |
| ITR-7 | Trusts, political parties, institutions and the other section 139(4A) to 139(4D) filers. |
What the engine does with them
Both regimes, wherever there are two
For an individual or HUF return the old and the new regime are both computed from the same inputs and shown together with the difference in tax. The regime is then a decision the firm records, not an assumption the software made quietly. A form with a single rate — ITR-5, and a company return — is computed once, at that rate.
The heads, in the order the Act sets out
Salary, house property, capital gains, business or profession, and other sources; Chapter VI-A deductions; exempt income; carry-forward losses; and, where the form asks for them, the foreign asset and assets-and-liabilities schedules. Which schedules open is decided by the form, so an ITR-1 never shows a capital gains screen and an ITR-3 always does.
Paper for the client, JSON for the portal
Every return produces a computation of income — the sheet a client actually reads and signs off — and the CBDT form PDF where the department publishes one. The e-filing JSON is generated last, and where CBDT has published the schema for that form and year it is checked against it before the download is allowed: a file that would fail on the portal fails here, where it costs a minute instead of an evening. For AY 2026-27 that is ITR-1 and ITR-4 today; for the other forms the CBDT schema for this year is not published in a form we hold, and the download reports the check as one it could not run rather than as one the file passed.
Prior years and updated returns
An updated return under section 139(8A) can be started from a year already filed, with the additional tax under section 140B previewed first. Relief under section 89(1) produces Form 10E alongside the return.
The firm’s signing identity is filled in for you. Your firm record holds its PAN, ICAI membership number, UDIN prefix and ERI or TRP identifiers, and they are written into the verification block of the generated JSON — once, in settings, rather than on every return.
Decimal arithmetic throughout. Every money value in the engine is a decimal, never a floating-point number, and the roundings under sections 288A and 288B are applied where the Act puts them. On a crore-level return the difference is not academic.
Questions
Which ITR forms can the CA module prepare?
Do you file the return with the department?
Is the old regime still computed?
Can I file an updated return under section 139(8A)?
What happens if the JSON does not match the CBDT schema?
Prepare a return and see the output
Register the firm, add one client, and take a return all the way to the JSON. The trial runs 30 days.